This community-based study was conducted to explore the general health status of the elderly population and possible influencing factors and to provide some practical suggestions for the prevention of the degeneration of cognitive function, physical health, and psychological health. Furthermore, a complete understanding of the sociodemographic factors that contribute to a reduced functional status in the elderly population is lacking. However, overall assessments of the physical and mental health of community-dwelling elderly individuals in China are scarce. The Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS), which exhibits good quality and reliability, has become one of the most widely used screening tools for depression in the elderly population. Decreased physical health and social burden caused by depression worsen the quality of life of individuals. Depression is a common psychiatric disorder among the elderly. The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), a physical performance measure, offers better validity and reproducibility than self-reported measures. Physical function is a critical component of the evaluation of elderly individuals. The good sensitivity prompted the MoCA to be a useful tool in the MCI research field. The English and Chinese versions of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) have been validated for detecting cognitive impairment. In approximately 50% of individuals with MCI, the condition progresses to dementia within 5 years. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represents the preclinical, transitional stage between healthy cognitive aging and dementia, and it affects 10–15% of the population older than 65 years. An accurate evaluation of cognitive function, physical health, and psychological health is fundamental for assessing health problems in the elderly population, and it is important to identify the necessity of early therapeutic intervention. In China, most elderly individuals live at home. The rapid increase in the elderly population has caused severe public health issues worldwide. It is imperative to develop a more sensitive evaluation of physical function, and to encourage various intellectually and emotionally stimulating social activity strategies to promote healthy aging, especially in elderly women and those living alone who have a low education level. The kernel-weighted local polynomial smoothing curves exhibited similar trends. Furthermore, age and sex had interactive effects on the MoCA score ( P = 0.03) and SPPB score ( P < 0.01). A higher education level was related to better MoCA and SPPB scores (all P < 0.01). Both sex and living alone influenced the MoCA score ( P < 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively), SPPB score ( P < 0.01 and P = 0.04, respectively), and GDS score ( P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively). However, the GDS score did not exhibit an age-related decrease ( P = 0.09). The results of the multivariate linear regression models demonstrated that the MoCA and SPPB scores decreased with advancing age (all P < 0.01). A total of 1025 participants aged 60–89 years underwent investigations of demographic and lifestyle features and a multidimensional geriatric evaluation comprising the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a suburban district of Shanghai, China. The objective of this study was to evaluate the states of mental and physical functions and to investigate the relationships between sociodemographic features and these functions in a community-dwelling elderly population.
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